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翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク Fear-avoidance model ： ウィキペディア英語版 Fear-avoidance model The fear-avoidance model (or FA model) is a psychiatric model that describes how individuals develop chronic musculoskeletal pain as a result of avoidant behavior based on fear. Introduced by Lethem et al. in 1983, this model helped explain how these individuals experience pain despite the absence of pathology.〔 If an individual experiences acute discomfort and delays the situation by using avoidant behavior, a lack of pain increase reinforces this behavior. Increased vulnerability provides positive feedback to the perceived level of pain and rewards avoidant behavior for removing unwanted stimuli.〔〔〔 If the individual perceives the pain as nonthreatening or temporary, he or she feels less anxious and confronts the pain-related situation. Avoidant behavior is healthy when encouraging the individual to avoid stressing injuries and permitting them to heal.〔 However, it is harmful when discouraging the individual from activity after the injury is healed.〔 The resulting hypervigilance and disability restricts normal use of the tissue and deteriorates the individual physically and mentally. Once the avoidant behavior is no longer reinforced, the individual exits the positive feedback loop.〔〔 In 1993, Waddell et al. developed a Fear-Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire (FABQ) which showed that fear-avoidance beliefs about physical activities are strongly related to work loss.〔〔〔 == Examples == 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Fear-avoidance model」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.